The Giraffe With No Neck

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Müller, DW; Zerbe, P; Codron, D; Clauss, M; Hatt, JM (2011). "A long life among ruminants: giraffids and other special cases". Schweizer Archiv für Tierheilkunde. 153 (11): 515–519. doi: 10.1024/0036-7281/a000263. PMID 22045457. S2CID 10687135. Swaison 1835. Camelopardalis antiquorum. Bagger el Homer, Kordofan, about 10° N, 28° E (as fixed by Harper, 1940)

a b c d e VanderWaal, K. L.; Wang, H.; McCowan, B.; Fushing, H.; Isbell, L. A. (2014). "Multilevel social organization and space use in reticulated giraffe ( Giraffa camelopardalis)". Behavioral Ecology. 25 (1): 17–26. doi: 10.1093/beheco/art061. a b c Petzold, Alice; Hassanin, Alexandre (13 February 2020). "A comparative approach for species delimitation based on multiple methods of multi-locus DNA sequence analysis: A case study of the genus Giraffa (Mammalia, Cetartiodactyla)". PLOS ONE. 15 (2): e0217956. Bibcode: 2020PLoSO..1517956P. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0217956. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 7018015. PMID 32053589. The population of reticulated giraffes G.c. reticulata has dropped by an alarming 80 percent in just 10 years, most likely due to poaching. They are no match for humans with guns; giraffes are shot or snared for their meat, hide, bone marrow, and tail hair. Kenya is starting a giraffe conservation program for the three subspecies found there: reticulated, Uganda, and Masai giraffes G.c. tippelskirchi.The decline of giraffe populations has largely been due to hunting. In Africa, the giraffe is a traditional source of hide and hair and also of tough but nutritious meat. Peterson, D. (2013). Giraffe Reflections. University of California Press. p.30. ISBN 978-0520266858. Janis, Christine M. (1 January 1993). "Tertiary Mammal Evolution in the Context of Changing Climates, Vegetation, and Tectonic Events". Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics. 24: 467–500. doi: 10.1146/annurev.ecolsys.24.1.467. JSTOR 2097187. A giraffe eats around 34 kg (75 lb) of foliage daily. They mostly eat during the first and last hours of daytime. They get 70% of their moisture from their food so need to drink very little. In fact, they can survive for up to three weeks without drinking water.

Lee, Derek E.; Lohay, George G.; Cavener, Douglas R.; Bond, Monica L. (6 September 2022). "Using spot pattern recognition to examine population biology, evolutionary ecology, sociality, and movements of giraffes: a 70-year retrospective". Mammalian Biology. 102 (4): 1055–1071. doi: 10.1007/s42991-022-00261-3. ISSN 1618-1476. S2CID 252149865. Archived from the original on 22 September 2023 . Retrieved 14 December 2022. Giraffes usually sleep lying down, although standing sleeps have been recorded, particularly in older individuals. In captivity, a giraffe sleeps intermittently around 4.6 hours per day, mostly at night, but in the wild they can sleep as little as 5 to 30 minutes in a 24 hour period. The most common amount of sleep for giraffes is between one and two hours. The giraffe, named Gimli, only reached a height of 9 feet, 4 inches tall—several feet shorter than the average adult, which grows to about 16 feet. The team was in "disbelief," Michael Brown, a conservation scientist with the Giraffe Conservation Foundation and the Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, tells the Times. Chen, L.; Qiu, Q.; Jiang, Y.; Wang, K. (2019). "Large-scale ruminant genome sequencing provides insights into their evolution and distinct traits". Science. 364 (6446): eaav6202. Bibcode: 2019Sci...364.6202C. doi: 10.1126/science.aav6202. PMID 31221828.

HABITAT AND DIET

Newborn giraffes are often on their feet within 20 minutes and are soon feeding on their mothers milk. Calves can walk about an hour after birth and can run within 24 hours of birth. Giraffe calves are about 2 metres (6 feet) tall at birth and weigh 104 – 154 pounds. Mitchell, G.; Skinner, J. D. (1993). "How giraffe adapt to their extraordinary shape". Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa. 48 (2): 207–18. doi: 10.1080/00359199309520271. a b c d e f g h i Pellow, R. A. (2001). "Giraffe and Okapi". In MacDonald, D. (ed.). The Encyclopedia of Mammals (2nded.). Oxford University Press. pp.520–27. ISBN 978-0-7607-1969-5.

Giraffes are polygamous, so a few males with mate with one female. Females tend to give birth to a single calf around 400–460 days after mating; females give birth whilst standing up. Skinner, J. D.; Mitchell, G. (2011). "Lung volumes in giraffes, Giraffa camelopardalis" (PDF). Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A. 158 (1): 72–78. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2010.09.003. hdl: 2263/16472. PMID 20837156. Archived (PDF) from the original on 20 November 2018 . Retrieved 27 November 2011. Brownlee, A. (1963). "Evolution of the Giraffe". Nature. 200 (4910): 1022. Bibcode: 1963Natur.200.1022B. doi: 10.1038/2001022a0. S2CID 4145785. The animal’s rare coloring is likely due to some sort of mutation in one or more genes, she says. But there’s no indication of underlying medical issues or that the newborn reticulated giraffe—a subspecies native to eastern Africa—is at a genetic disadvantage. a b c d e f g h i Seymour, R. (2002). The taxonomic status of the giraffe, Giraffa camelopardalis (L. 1758) (Ph.D. thesis).Tobler, I.; Schwierin, B. (1996). "Behavioural sleep in the giraffe ( Giraffa camelopardalis) in a zoological garden". Journal of Sleep Research. 5 (1): 21–32. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2869.1996.00010.x. PMID 8795798. S2CID 34605791. Lee, Derek E.; Kissui, Bernard M.; Kiwango, Yustina A.; Bond, Monica L. (2016). "Migratory herds of wildebeests and zebras indirectly affect calf survival of giraffes". Ecology and Evolution. 6 (23): 8402–8411. doi: 10.1002/ece3.2561. ISSN 2045-7758. PMC 5167056. PMID 28031792. Male giraffes are also more inclined to wander into dense woodland, a habitat that females generally avoid. a b c d e f Pratt D. M.; Anderson V. H. (1985). "Giraffe social behavior". Journal of Natural History. 19 (4): 771–81. doi: 10.1080/00222938500770471.

a b c d e f g h "Giraffa". ISIS. 2010. Archived from the original on 6 July 2010 . Retrieved 4 November 2010. When a calf gets older, the mother leaves her youngster together with other calves in a “nursery.” One of the moms stays to babysit while the others go out to eat and socialize. In the nursery, the calves develop physical and social skills through play. The young giraffes can eat leaves at the age of four months, but continue to nurse until they are six to nine months old. Giraffes hit sexual maturity between 3 and 5 years old. The 6-foot wonder was born sans spots on July 31 at Bright’s Zoo, a privately owned facility in Limestone, and made her public debut this month. The calf is a reticulated giraffe, one of four giraffe species.

Giraffe Fact-File Summary

For the most recent species and subspecies classification, have a look at Four giraffe species, seven subspecies Camelopard" / k ə ˈ m ɛ l ə ˌ p ɑːr d/ is an archaic English name for the giraffe; it derives from the Ancient Greek καμηλοπάρδαλις ( kamēlopárdalis), from κάμηλος ( kámēlos), " camel", and πάρδαλις ( párdalis), " leopard", referring to its camel-like shape and leopard-like colouration. [6] [7] Taxonomy Evolution The Masai giraffe ( G. c. tippelskirchi) can be found in central and southern Kenya and in Tanzania. [1] Its coat patterns are highly diverse, with spots ranging from mostly rounded and smooth edged to oval shaped and incised or loped edged. [43] A median lump is usually present in males. [27] :54 [44] A total of 32,550 are thought to remain in the wild, [1] and about 100 are living in zoos. [28] a b Kasozi, H.; Montgomery, R. A. (2018). "How do giraffes locate one another? A review of visual, auditory, and olfactory communication among giraffes". Journal of Zoology. 306 (3): 139–146. doi: 10.1111/jzo.12604.