The Making of a Manager: What to Do When Everyone Looks to You

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There are 6 factors in the industry environment: suppliers, buyers & customers, competitors & new entrants, substitute products, regulators, and strategic partners. Are we adding value through research and development or customer service, or by prompt delivery, or by cutting any intermediary which reduces the customers’ costs? The general environment consists of factors in the external environment that indirectly affect firms’ business operations. According to Richard Rumelt, an American emeritus professor at the University of California, there are three things that constitute a strategy – diagnosis, guiding policy, and coherent action. Leaders are responsible for developing each of these: Organizing also involves the design of individual jobs within the organization. Decisions must be made about the duties and responsibilities of individual jobs, as well as the manner in which the duties should be carried out. Decisions made about the nature of jobs within the organization are generally called “job design” decisions.

Management Notes 3 Types of Managerial Roles - Management Notes

In this role, the manager must divide work and delegate authority to subordinates. A manager must determine which subordinates will be responsible for which duties. The best way to allocate organizational resources will also need to be determined. Allocating financial resources and assigning staff and other organizational resources are all part of this process. Of course, both leadership and management are necessary for a company’s success. Leaders set the course of an organization and create value. Managers are in charge of organizational structuring and set the plan in motion. For example, the burgeoning mobile telephone market in India provides enormous opportunities for different types of organizations, from handset manufacturers, content developers, application developers, and mobile signal tower manufacturers to service providers. Since the industry contains competition, its analysis brings to light the complexities of the competition and the consequent challenges facing the industry.The internal environment of an organization consists of the conditions and forces that exist within the organization. Since culture is an important internal environmental concern for an organization, managers need to understand its influence on organizational activities. Resources of the Organization They need to recognize that the external environment has many aspects that can significantly impact a firm’s operations. They need to undertake an analysis of the environment regularly. Both leaders and managers make a valuable contribution to an organization – but this contribution is different. Leaders advocate change and new approaches, looking for new ideas. Managers focus on stability and maintain the status quo. Leaders see a forest, and managers see the individual trees. "Whereas leaders are concerned with understanding people’s beliefs and gaining their commitment, managers carry our responsibilities, exercise authority, and worry about how things get accomplished."Fred C. Lunenburg, the Merchant Professor at Sam Houston State University Organizing at the level of a particular job involves how best to design individual jobs to most effectively use human resources. Traditionally, job design was based on principles of division of labor and specialization, which assumed that the more narrow the job content, the more proficient the individual performing the job could become. However, experience has shown that it is possible for jobs to become too narrow and specialized. For example, how would you like to screw lids on jars one day after another, as you might have done many decades ago if you worked in company that made and sold jellies and jams? When this happens, negative outcomes result, including decreased job satisfaction and organizational commitment, increased absenteeism, and turnover.

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It may be noted that some industry environmental factors, such as competitors and substitute products, may exist even outside the concerned industry. Based on Michael Porter’s research results, the Van industry structure consists of suppliers, buyers, direct competitors, new entrants, and substitutes. The strategy-makers of a firm need to be concerned with the impact of the industry structure on the firm’s strategy. Managers constantly look for new ideas and adapt their units to changing conditions by looking for new ideas. Managers create and control change within their organizations. They solve problems, generate new ideas, and implement them. Noticing small changes early helps you adapt to the bigger changes that are to come. - Dr. Spencer Johnson, “Who Moved My Cheese?” It ensures that decision-making is based on fact, rather than outdated insights, short-term fads and natural bias.Planning is a process consisting of several steps. The process begins with environmental scanning which simply means that planners must be aware of the critical contingencies facing their organization in terms of economic conditions, their competitors, and their customers. Planners must then attempt to forecast future conditions. These forecasts form the basis for planning. After a manager has analyzed all the alternatives, she must decide on the best one. The best alternative is the one that produces the most advantages and the fewest serious disadvantages. Sometimes, the selection process can be fairly straightforward, such as the alternative with the most pros and fewest cons. Other times, the optimal solution is a combination of several alternatives.

The Making of a Manager - Penguin Books UK

While assessing the reliability of evidence becomes more important as the mass of opinion grows, with such a barrage of information, we inevitably use mental shortcuts to make decisions easier and to avoid our brains overloading. Planning is the function of management that involves setting objectives and determining a course of action for achieving those objectives. Planning requires that managers be aware of environmental conditions facing their organization and forecast future conditions. It also requires that managers be good decision makers. We find in first world countries the increasing life span of population, trend towards fewer children, movement of population from rural areas to urban areas, increasing rate of female education, more and more women entering the mainstream workforce, etc. Manager” is a title that means a specific role on a certain organizational level. Managers have people reporting to them, and they’re in charge of those people and their results. Organizations build capabilities over a long time. They consistently invest in some areas so that they can build strong competitive businesses based on the uniqueness they have created.

What is management?

A manager’s task is to enable employees to adapt to the change. A change will affect many things – scope, schedules, resources, staffing, costs, and risks. Handling these changes is a manager’s responsibility – they must ensure that all changes are monitored, considered, and approved, and that only approved changes get implemented. • Decision-making